2019
The École militaire (French: "military school") is a complex of buildings in Paris, France, which house various military training facilities. It was founded in 1750 by King Louis XV and is located in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, southeast of the Champ de Mars.
The building, constructed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel, is an active military academy and is classified as a national monument since 1990. This site can be visited during the European Heritage Days.
Origins of the institution
L'École Militaire was founded in 1750, after the War of the Austrian Succession, by Louis XV on the basis of a proposal of Marshal Maurice de Saxe and with the support of Madame de Pompadour and financier Joseph Paris Duverney.
Previously, military academies were exclusive to children of a noble background and offered apprenticeships in the King's Stables or the stables of other royal members. With the aim of creating an academic college for cadet officers from poor noble families, the exclusivity that royal military academies held vanished.
By the edict of January 1751, King Louis XV founded the institution intended for the education of five hundred noble young men and born without fortune. Article XI of the edict provides for "by way of first perpetual endowment" the tax on playing cards. The administration is entrusted to the Secretary of State for War. The Royal Military Academy included a number of military colleges in the province such as the School of Brienne where students were admitted on evidence of nobility. At the end of their schooling, admission to the Royal Military School in Paris was done through a national competition.
Ajaccio: August 15, 1769: Napoleon Bonaparte was born in this family home, located at the corner of current Saint-Charles and Letizia streets. Empress Eugénie and the Prince Imperial inaugurated the new facilities on the occasion of the centenary of the birth of Napoleon Bonaparte, in 1869. It has been transformed into a national museum since 1967.
Brienne: From May 1779 to October 1784, Napoleon Bonaparte was at the royal military school of Brienne. The education provided is both military and traditional. As provided for in the regulations and due to his distance, the young Bonaparte was then cut off from his family, which left a lasting mark on his personality. Uprooted and isolated, he nevertheless passed his entrance exam in Paris.
Paris : Bonaparte, then a scholarship holder from the king, joined the school on October 30, 1784. He left second lieutenant in the artillery, assigned to the La Fère regiment in Valence.
Valence: La Maison des Têtes is located at 57 Grande Rue. The descendants regularly welcomed a neighbor, the young lieutenant Bonaparte training at the Valence artillery school from 1785 to 1786. In 1798, the latter asked the printer Marc Aurel, whose mother acquired the Maison des Têtes in 1794, to accompany him during the Egyptian campaign.
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